Caryl Phillipss Cambridge Analysis - 1342 Words

Caryl Phillips is concerned with the issue of racial discrimination specifically against the enslaved blacks during the period of slavery. Racial discriminatory practices manifested itself in the form of physical and psychological abuse, and the suppression of their voice. The novel â€Å"Cambridge† was written by British- Caribbean novelist, Caryl Phillips in 1991. Phillips was born in St. Kitts in 1958, and settled in Leeds, England with his parents as a toddler. The story is set on a nineteenth century Caribbean plantation. Phillips focuses the novel on the issue of slavery. Slavery lasted from the mid 15th century to the late 19th century. The middle passage is the transportation of Africans to the Caribbean where they were to be†¦show more content†¦The phrase â€Å"small black fry† represents the constant disparaging of slaves in a society governed by European colonists, and serves as a tool to reinforce constraint on the slave population on the estate- as a constant reminder to blacks of their inferior position in society. The emphasis on the phrase â€Å"small black fry† personifies the extent to which blacks existed and were recognized in society. Thus, â€Å"small black fry† legitimizes the status and weal th of the European planters through the lasting psychological oppression of blacks in the period. Sociologist Rosenthal and Jacobson posits that one’s self concept is, in many cases, primarily based on other people’s perception of them and behave according to people’s perception. Hence, Phillips’s depiction of blacks’ psychological abuse exists on the basis that blacks accepted the label supplied by the whites (small black fry) and act accordingly, resulting in the self-degradation of blacks. Therefore, Caryl Phillips attempts to portray the psychological suffering of blacks in slave society as a result of the verbal abuse received from the whites. In addition, the author also intends to emphasize his concern of the physical mistreatment of blacks in the period of slavery. This is done mainly through his presentation of the symbolism of the whip used to exert pain and brutality on the population of

The Increasing Prevalence in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Autism is a mental condition that can occur in children from birth but is diagnosed in early infancy or early childhood. It is a complex neurobiological disorder that typically lasts throughout the lifetime of a person. It can be considered as a spectrum of disorders characterized by severe developmental deficiencies that can affect socialization, communication, emotional development and can cause repetitive or unusual behaviors. The ranges of the symptoms are mild to severe. There is a milder form of the disorder known as Asperger syndrome. Other developmental disorders that fall under the category of autism spectrum disorders are Rett Syndrome, PDD (Pervasive Developmental Disorders) and childhood disintegrative disorder.†¦show more content†¦This may be one among other causes of the high population of autism. However, evidence suggests that in most cases autism is a heritable disorder. In fact, it is the neurological disorder with the greatest genetic influence in the wor ld. Also, other researchers found two disorders related to autism that are also related to epilepsy genes. Andrew Wakefield, a medical researcher posed the existence of a link between the vaccine for measles, mumps and rubella with autism. There are a number of studies showing a strong correlation between obstetric complications and autism. Supplementation with folic acid has increased considerably in recent decades, particularly by pregnant women. These are all factors that are still under investigation. Only possible relations with autism are established. Currently there are no effective means to prevent autism, no fully effective treatments or cures. Scientists are working hard every day to find a solution to this increasing problem. While support groups have said for years that the lack of funding for research is responsible for the few definitive answers, a bill known as the Combating Autism Act, which concentrate billion to developing a cure, is now on the way to Congress. Aut ism receives less than five percent of the research funds of other less common childhood diseases. Until a cure is discovered, parents have been counting on earlyShow MoreRelatedPrevalence Of Autism Essay949 Words   |  4 Pages The Increasing Prevalence of Autism Autism, or autism spectrum disorders (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental disability that is characterized by deficits in two behavioral areas: communication and social, and restrictive and repetitive behaviors. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that 1 in 88 children had an ASD in 2008 (CDC 2012), and in 2010 the prevalence increased to 1 in 68 children (McCarthy). Could the increase in prevalence of ASD be attributed to environmental factors;Read MoreVaccinations : A Science s Greatest Feats1400 Words   |  6 Pagesthe current decline in immunization is that vaccination increases the risk of a child getting Autism. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Autism are generic terms for â€Å"a group of complex disorders of brain development† (Autism Speaks), it covers conditions such as Childhood Disintegrative Disorder and Asperger’s Syndrome (Healthy Canadian). Current epidemiological data estimates that the global prevalence of ASD’s to be in one in 160, and accounts for more than 7.6 million affected lives (WHO,2013)Read MoreIn Recent Years, The Prevalence Of Autism Spectrum Disorder1357 Words   |  6 Pagesrecent years, the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased greatly (Nevison 2014). For example, in 2000 the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network estimated about 1 in 150 children had ASD. Six years later in 2006, the prevalence increased to about 1 in every 110 children and then most recently in 2012 to 1 in 68 children. According to the CDC (2008) autism is the fastest-growing developmental disability. With the growing prevalen ce of autism, the society hasRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder And Autism1492 Words   |  6 Pageslife there are several different disorders that have been well known from many years ago. There is one disorder that was diagnosed in the early 1800’s but it wasn’t until a few years ago that it gained lots of attention. What used to be known as Autism was later renamed in the DSM to Autism Spectrum Disorder meaning, a neurodevelopmental disorder rather than a pervasive developmental disorder (Gargiulo, 2015). Autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder characterized by abnormal or impairedRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder1284 Words   |  6 PagesThe DSM-5, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, is a diagnostic tool used in the United States for psychiatric diagnosis. One of these disorders is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and according to the DSM-5, there are two manifestations. These are: social interaction and communication as well as restricted, repetitive, stereotyped behaviors and interests. Deficits in social communication include social-emotional reciprocity, nonverbal communicative behaviors and social relationshipsRead MoreAutism And Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Essay1599 Words   |  7 Pagesby that singular perspective. In specific, Autism which is referred to as Autistic Spectrum Disorder, is something that the public has heard before but they do not fully understand or are unaware about its true definition. â€Å"According to the Centers for Disease Control’s Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM), approximately 1 in 68 children have been identified with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)† (CDC, 2016). This increased prevalence is why it is important to continue educatingRead MoreAutism Is A Mental Condition809 Words   |  4 PagesOctober 2015 Autism affects every 1 in 68 children in America, autism is a mental condition, present from early childhood, characterized by difficulty in communicating and forming relationships with other people and in using language and abstract concepts. What causes autism? A short while ago, the answer to this question would have been â€Å"we have no clue.† Research is now bringing us the answers. First, we now know that there is no one cause of autism just as there is no one type of autism. In the lastRead MoreEducating the Autistic Essay1471 Words   |  6 PagesAutism is a developmental disorder characterized by a cluster of behaviors that has rapidly became more prevalent in recent years. With the increase of children on the autism spectrum and the severity of their diagnosis becoming more pungent, public schools have found themselves braced in finding methods to educate autistic children. A complex disorder needs complex help. The idea of creating an environment at which every s tudent will be able to meet their highest potential in their education, includingRead MoreAsperger s Syndrome Among Other Autistic Spectrum Disorders818 Words   |  4 Pagesother Autistic Spectrum Disorders The autism spectrum disorder is neurobehavioral deterioration that involve language developmental disorder a combined with low social interaction skills and repetitive behaviors. The severity of the disorder varies from mild, moderate, and sever, and the diagnosis tend to be changeable according to several factors such as the severity and the kind of therapy that the child received during early years. There is an increased prevalence of the disorder among childrenRead MoreGenetic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders1556 Words   |  7 PagesAutism is a cognitive disorder that occurs in the first three years of life and affects many children and adults today. It is a common behaviorally defined syndrome characterized by impairments in socialization, abnormalities of verbal and nonverbal communication, and restricted, stereotyped interests and behaviors. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was recently edited to more clearly define the 3 main branche s of the Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). These branches

On Earth As It Is In Hell Essay Example For Students

On Earth As It Is In Hell Essay Many times we hear of societys affect on people; society influencing the way people think and act. Hardly mentioned is the reverse: peoples actions and lifestyles affecting society as a whole and how it is characterized. Thus, society is a reflection of its inhabitants and in The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, it is a wasteland described as the valley of ashes. Since the characters of this novel make up this wasteland, arent they the waste? Symbolically, this waste represents the lack of ethics of the 1920s society and civilizations decay. In The Great Gatsby, morals deficiencies such as a lack of God, selfishness, and idleness are reflective of a society doomed as the valley of ashes.The worldliness of the 1920s society contributes to the image of the wasteland as hell-like and deprived of God. The valley of ashes symbolizes a society which has forgotten the importance of God, who takes a back seat to profane desires. A lack of seriousness towards God is evident in this corrupt society when Gatsby uses Gods name in a lie, declaring ?Ill tell you Gods truth. His right hand suddenly orders divine retribution to stand by. ?I am the son of some wealthy people in the middle West- all dead now. (p.65) During the Puritan era, this would be considered blasphemous in contrast with the moral standards of the 1920s society. A backwards people have dethroned God, replacing him with false gods of pleasure, greed and money relating to the Latin phrase Deus Absconditus, equivalent of God has departed. Although the valley of ashes is hell- like and without a solid foundation of God, people still cling onto the idea that there is a god. Wilson, questioning his wifes fidelity, warns her that God sees everything. (p.167) Though he speaks of God, his god is in the form of a billboard for an oculist named Doctor T.J. Eckleburg. He is unable to distinguish God from false idols. Perhaps the society is so far astray from God that they no longer can rectify their immoral ways. After all, the wasteland is like hell, and theres no turning back. Selfishness is a vice that contributes to New Yorks image as a valley of ashes. This egocentrism is commonplace in the characters of The Great Gatsby and gives the impression of a society where people have adopted the me first rationale and a carelessness for altruism.Gatsbys relationship with Nick first started out that way. Gatsby became friends with Nick so that he could ?come over some afternoon to garden (p. 83) and catch a glimpse of Daisy whom he had waited five years for. Gatsby was using Nick to see her. His friendship with Nick became secondary to his passion for Daisy. Had Gatsby not loved her, he would have never been friends with Nick because he would not have someone to use. This selfish behavior is also present in Klipspringer, Gatsbys house guest, when he replies to Nick with uncertainty about his presence at Gatsbys funeral, ?Well, Ill try.. Im staying with some people in Greenwich and theres a picnic or something. What I call!ed up about was a pair of shoes I left . (p.177) Klipspringer takes Gatsbys death with such levity, implying that the funeral is on the same plane of insignificance as that of a leisure picnic. Klipspringer displays more concern for his shoes than for the man who gave him a place to stay. He is like a parasite, taking only and giving back nothing, using Gatsbys wealth and home as the host. Klipspringer is a selfishly motivated man, and a sad reflection of the 1920s society.As the wasteland may be a place without morals, the valley of ashes is also without a sense of time. The 1920s society is aimless and idle. Daisy utters ?Whatll we do with ourselves this afternoon, and the day after that, and the next thirty years?' (p. .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735 , .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735 .postImageUrl , .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735 , .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735:hover , .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735:visited , .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735:active { border:0!important; } .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735:active , .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735 .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8f67a474599e448a5f7822c74bb61735:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Edmunds Corrugated Parts Essay125) as Daisy, Tom, Jordan and Nick sit around lazily in the room. F. Scott Fitzgeralds characters are time wasters. This dawdling shows a lack of concern over their lives and the need for objectivity. Because the wasteland is a Godless place, John 6:12 need not apply, which states, Let nothing be wasted. Again, Daisy sums up the 1920s society attitude of time saying, ?Do you always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it? I always watch for the longest day in the year and then miss it.' (p.16) Thus, life in the valley of ashes is just a waste of time and is insignificant. The characters in The Great Gatsby are symbolically in hell; they will have all of eternity to waste.The wasteland is a terrible place where life is corrupt and meaningless. The valley of ashes is without a God, and symbolizes a spiritually sterile lifestyle in the world highly appropriate for the 1920s society image. Without the presence of God, there are no morals; selfishness being one of the diseases of the 1920s. The absence of altruism and the focus on self- indulgence is also responsible for the lack of tender -heartedness of the wasteland society. Time is indifferent to Fitzgeralds characters and their lives seem aimless and carelessly wandering. This corruption in society is what make up the ash covering New York. The valley of ashes literally speaking is really not a dumping ground, but the wasteland of immorality covering the society of 1920.

Company Law

Questions: 1. Prepare a constitution - refer to sections 134 and 135.your company's internal management is to be governed by a combination of replaceable rules and a constitution.the constitution must only make provision for a class of redeemable preference shares- nb sections 254a(2) and (3) of the corp act. 2. Research then explain the reason and justification for the following sections of the corp act :- section 129(1) and section 588m(3). your analysis of each section is worth 5% .word limit -aprox 200 words per. Answers: (1). Type of Company The said constitution belongs and applies to the company named PQR Private Limited. Objective The primary objective of PQR Private Limited is manufacture, advertise and sell high quality clothing products at reasonable rates and build a brad which is consumer friendly and affordable. Internal Management The internal management of the company is said to be governed by the rules and regulations of the Corporation Act 2001 in Australia and is incorporated in the replaceable rules of the said company. Along with the replaceable rules, the said constitution is an internal and an important document on behalf of the company which will determine its internal management along with the replaceable rules[1]. Thus, the internal management of PQR Private Limited is to be governed by the combination of both the replaceable rules and the Constitution of the company. Section 134 of the Corporation Act 2001, allows both, the replaceable rules along with the constitution to govern any companys internal management in Australia. Thus, both constitution and replaceable rules collectively can govern a company in Australia. However, the said Constitution states that it has the authority and power to change and alter the replaceable rules in a company and any non-compliance or violation of the replaceable rules does not constitute a violation of the Corporation Act 2001[2]. Directors The company is permitted to appoint a director in a general meeting by a simple resolution. After the appointment it is the director who looks after the internal affairs of the company and is obliged to comply with rules and regulations in replaceable rules and the constitution. The said director has the power to appoint other directors to assist and help him manage the company. However, if any director is appointed in an emergence basis, his appointment needs to be approved by a resolution within two months of appointment[3]. Shares Any company operative in Australia is permitted with power and authority to issue bonus shares, preference shares and party paid shares under the section 124 of the Corporation Act 2001. The Constitution of PQR Private Limited states that it has the authority and power under section 254A of the Corporation Act 2001 to issue preference shares which can be redeemed. The Constitution thus states all the rights which are required to be mentioned for issuing redeemable preference shares in Australia[4]. These rights include repayment of the capital which was invested by a shareholder, participation of the shareholder in excess profit and assets, cumulative and non-cumulative dividends, voting rights and priority in payment of capital and dividend to other classes of preference shares[5]. Thus, every holder of a redeemable preference share is granted the said rights with the issue of preference shares which can be redeemed at a later stage or whenever the shareholder wishes to get his pref erence shares redeemed. The Constitution additionally states that while making dividend payments, priority will be given to preference share holders. However, preference share which are redeemable can also be issues however, the said preference shares can be redeemed in either one of the following events as below:- On occurrence of an event as mentioned before At the option of PQR Private Limited According to the wish of the shareholder[6] Signed: .. Signed: Signature of the Director: .. Dated: . (2). Section 129 of the Corporation Act 2001 in Australia is interlinked with the previous section of the same Act which is section 128 of the Corporation Act 2001. Section 128 of the Corporation Act 2001 states that when an individual or an outsider is dealing with any company which is operative in Australia, he is permitted to assume certain things, which are mentioned in section 129 of the Corporation Act 2001. Therefore, section 129 of the Corporation Act states the assumptions which are permitted to be made while dealing with a company in Australia. The first assumption states that any individual dealing with any company in Australia can assume that the said company has complied with the companys constitution along with the rules and regulations in the Corporation Act 2001 which are applicable in any company in Australia in the form of replaceable rules. Thus, section 129(1) of the Corporation Act 2001 was introduced to protect every individual who as an outside deals with a company in Australia. Thus, an outsider is assumed to not be aware of the internal management of a company and therefore if such an outsider suffers any harm, loss or damage due to any non-compliance in the internal management of the company, the individual is protected for the said loss and damage by the assumption that the company had complied with all the rules and regulations including the constitution and replaceable rules in its internal management[7]. Section 588M of the Corporation Act 2001 talks about the recovery of compensation for loss resulting from insolvent trading. Section 588G of the Corporation Act states director's duty to prevent insolvent trading by company, therefore section 588M acts like a liability or the consequence of section 588G of the Corporation Act 2001. The 588M(3) of the Corporation Act 2001 states that if a director has contravened section 588G resulting into a loss or a damage to the creditors of the company, the said loss or damage can be recovered from the director as a debt. Thus, the said action was introduced to keep the directors of every company in Australia under check and make them liable for any breach of director duty committed by them as mentioned under the Corporation Act 2001. Thus, other than duties of directors mentioned in the Corporation Act 2001, section 588G acts as an additional duty on a director of an Australian company, and section 588M states the liability which the director ha s to bear in case he breached the said duty as mentioned under 588G of the Corporation Act 2001 which is director's duty to prevent insolvent trading by company[8]. Bibliography Australia, Safe Work.Comparison of Workers Compensation Arrangements in Australia and New Zealand. Australian Government-Safe Work Australia, 2012. Chew, Charles YC.Business Law Guidebook. Oxford University Press, 2008. Everett, Sophia, and Ross Robinson. "Port reform: the Australian experience."Research in Transportation Economics17 (2006): 259-284. Griffiths, Craig. "Tag Archives: corporation act 2001." Kershaw, David.Company law in context: Text and materials. Oxford University Press, 2012. Latimer, Paul.Australian Business Law 2012. CCH Australia Limited, 2012. Oliphant, Ken, and Gerhard Wagner, eds.Employers' liability and workers' compensation. Vol. 31. Walter de Gruyter, 2012. Salthammer, Tunga, Sibel Mentese, and Rainer Marutzky. "Formaldehyde in the indoor environment."Chemical Reviews110.4 (2010): 2536-2572.