Black men and Public Space by Brent Staples Essaypilot

Introduction Race has always been a topic that is associated with different emotions, views, and thoughts for thousands of years. Since the beginning of times, people have always been judged and treated based on their race or where they were born. For many minority groups that have been discriminated over the years, many writers and activists such as James Baldwin and Martin Luther King Jnr emerged from such communities and struggled through racial movements to help their communities receive better treatment and recognition in the society. Brent Staples was among the renowned African American writers that fought against the negative stereotyping of black men in public spaces through his book, Black Men and Public Space in which he employs numerous rhetorical uses that add more appeal to his descriptions of experiences as a black man in public spaces. In the very first paragraph of the essay, Staples refers to a random woman on the streets as his first victim. This passage in the essay from the onset strikes the reader with a surprise in addition to making the audience curious because we are aware of the fact that the writer himself is a well-educated person, or at least not a criminal. This statement immediately makes the audience know that the story that is set to unfold is not going to be a happy one, since the main character, Staples himself assumes the role of a bad person. By adopting this approach, he becomes just like the woman in the streets who judges and assumes something about an individual simply based on the skin colour. Through the essay, Staples uses this notion of predator and victim as he compares the cutting of raw chicken to holding a knife to a persons throat. Staples then goes on to describe how the vast, unnerving gulf lay between nighttime pedestrians, especially women and me. The resulting imagery separates the victim (women) from the predator (Black Men) so that the readers can be able to clearly see the kind of stereotyping that Staples is trying to address. This essay begins with a narrative that Staples uses to convey many of his personal experiences as a black man. As a well-educated and prominent person, his decision to use his personal information as he tells his stories and realizations as a black man in public spaces not only improves the credibility of this essay but also improves the trust that the audience have in regards to what he is saying. Not only does the author share his accounts in the hands of his victims, but also those of his colleague, who is also an African American male journalist. Incorporating the views and experiences of other black men who have undergone similar situations helps in supporting the main idea that he is trying to convey by showing that it is not just one isolated case. One of the most outstanding things that Staples says, It is my equivalent of the cowbell that hikers wear when they know they are in the bear country (Staples 145). What he is trying to refer to is the music he listens to while walking, to let the others know that he is not dangerous. Prior to this, he had referred to himself as a predator while referring to the woman as the victim. However, by letting the audiences know the kind of music he listens to in the above quote and the kind of person he is, Staples is indirectly switching roles. In essence, he is now referring to the woman and other people with similar opinions about his skin colour as bears (predators) while considering himself as an innocent hiker (victim). Comparing racist bystanders to bears appears to be cruel, as it makes the reader wonder whether their stereotyping of black men is any better than what the author compares them. Supplementing the casual personal atmosphere established by his careful use of language and diction, Staples uses very harsh and shocking examples of how young African American men to show the kind of discrimination the black community has experienced. Telling the readers that he was brought up with good values, went to college and is a morally upright person that even taking a knife to raw a chicken is not possible for him causes the audience to have a positive emotional reaction. He makes another emotional statement when he says that young black men that were tough guys locked away I have since buried several, too. They were babies, really- a teenage cousin, a brother of twenty-two, a childhood friend in his mid-twenties- all gone down in episodes of bravado played out in the streets (Staples 144). Incorporating the discussions of such personal topics enables him to appeal to the emotions of the audience which in turn, is important in helping the reader understand his perspective and the significance. As part of the audience, we are able to deeply feel the troubles that Staples and his community have endured, which makes the audience want to get to the end of the essay to find the solutions to his problems. Staples backs up his claims with sufficient evidence by using logos to show how a man of color was often discriminated against and looked at stereotypically. The logical structure of this essay also appeals to logos. Throughout the essay, Staples describes how he always encountered discrimination as an African American journalist working in a white majority workplace. He notes that he initially realized this while still attending college when he one day walking late in the night and ended up frightening a white woman who had this belief that he was following her. Staples does not have a problem with the fact that the world is a violent place and that the woman had the right to be frightened, but it still leaves him perturbed because of him, and the other black males are not able to overcome the fact they are the causes of such fears. As he comes to terms with this situation, he also starts to recognize that he is able to change his surroundings merely because of his skin color and the stereotyping that certain groups have leveled against him. Conclusion By acknowledging opposing views of this argument, Staples is able to validate his message that being discriminated against by complete strangers is one of the worst experiences that a person should undergo. His efficient use of rhetorical devices with a perspective that enables them to understand the main message being conveyed in the essay, which is the negative experiences of discrimination in public spaces, which in turn make his testimony more meaningful and impactful. Staples states that the possibility of being set apart from the crowd is a painful thought to bear. He uses several personal experiences that evoke emotions of the audience which in turn enables them to understand the nature of the issue he is trying to address. Staples concludes by noting that even though the fears of black men among most white people are valid, there is no good in separating the rest of the black men from the streets. Works Cited Staples, Brent. Black men and public space. Life studies (1992): 2-32.

A Christian Missionary Named Bartolome De Las Casas

Question #2 In 1542, a Christian missionary named Bartolomà © de Las Casas wrote about the little-known realities of the brutalities occurring in the New World between Spanish conquistadors and Native Americans. Even though the Spanish originally set out to bring Christianity to the New World and its inhabitants, those evangelizing efforts soon turned into torture, mass killings, rape, and brutal slavery of the innocent natives to fulfill their greed for gold and wealth, according to Las Casas. In his primary account A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies, Bartolomà © de Las Casas attempts to inform King Phillip II of the cruel acts and injustices committed by the Spanish conquistadors. Despite this condemnation, Las Casas does not reject imperialism, because he feels Spain has the obligation to spread the word of Christianity around the world. Instead, he finds fault with the Spanish conquistadors for implementing this evangelization the wrong way, by both physically harming the Nat ive Americans and, fundamentally, in their underlying perception of them as inferior. Furthermore, the key to the coexistence of imperialism with Las Casas’ Catholic ideas and his defense of indigenous peoples lies in considering and treating these Native Americans as equals and as humanity rather than inferiors. Right from the beginning of his letter, Las Casas demonstrates his interest in the potential conversion of Native Americans to Christians. 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Criminal Justice - 1465 Words

Abstract: This essay will talk about the lack of family structure can be one of the biggest causes of delinquency. It touches on four objectives on how lack of family structure can be a cause to a child’s delinquency. One of the biggest causes of delinquency is the lack of stable family structure. For instance, a child could be hurt, if not receiving passionate love and care from their parents. Those not receiving love from their parents or their guardian as a child will probably act out for attention or start creating bad behavioral habits. I know every family is not a perfect and not every child is fortunate to have their parents in their lives. In this paper there are four objectives that I will talk about the lack of stable†¦show more content†¦This can also cause a broken home and can affect a child. Siegel and Welsh (2012) defines broken homes as home in which one or both parents are absent due to divorce or separation in such an environment may be prone to antisocial behavior. According to Siegel and Welsh (2012) children growing up in broken homes were much more likely to fall prey to delinquency than those who lived in two parent households. Another issue that a family can have is when parents have a disagreement. When the children see their parents misbehavior it can have affect on the child’s behavior too. The child might not get alone with other people or have bad relationships with others. They also might keep to themselves socially. Siegel and Welsh (2012) states divorce may influence children’s misbehavior through its effect on parental misbehavior. The last objective I will touch on is the lack of poor parenting skills. Parenting skills today are way different then it was back in the past. Parents today are not teaching their children the right and wrong of their child’s action. They are not showing them the consequences of their child’s action. Most of the time children tend to imitate or pick up bad habits their parents do. 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I believe that the five principles were implemented due to the kind of treatment that the criminals were getting at that time period. â€Å"Until the late 1700s, criminals were put to death, shipped to other countries to become slaves, and were thrown to wild animals just so society could literally get rid of them.† (http://voicesRead MoreThe On The Criminal Justice System984 Words   |  4 PagesGarland (2001), view on â€Å"the criminal justice system in America was created to keep communities safe, to respect and restore victims, and to return offenders who leave prison to be self-sufficient and law-abiding. 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What Do You Need About Your Community - 1335 Words

a. What do you need to understand about your community before you can begin to work on such a program or project? Use Chapter 7 to support your statements. Prior to beginning work on a program or project that will meet the needs of individuals that are not yet senior citizens in a community it is important to understand several aspects of the community. One of the most important aspects to understand is the pressure that one community experiences from the larger environment of neighborhoods and communities. To understand the pressures that exist there are key characteristics of the community that will need to be understood including competition, centralization, concentration, invasion, gentrification, and succession. Another important characteristic that needs to be understood is the community resources that are available within the community. Being aware of the demographic development of a community can help a social worker fill their role in the community. Every community has groups and organizations that are competing for resources to meet the needs of their particular group. â€Å"Competition is the struggle within a community by v arious groups, all seeking to put their interests and needs ahead of any others† (Kirst-Ashman Hall, Jr., 2015, p. 273). As I begin to work on a program to meet the needs of individuals that are not yet senior citizens I will need to be aware of the other organizations and groups that are seeking resources that I will also possibly be seeking.Show MoreRelatedDefining Community Essay544 Words   |  3 PagesWhat do you think about your neighbours? How do you feel about your schools? What do you think about your community? Community has always been a big part of our lives and it has been here since the day we were born. We might even live on the same street, but we grow up in different households and this results in many different views on communities. 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Key Factors Of The Division Over Instrumental Integration...

What were the key factors of the division over instrumental integration into worship? This paper will discuss the thought process behind the rejection of instruments, explaining; why those who favored it chose to keep peace, why it was seen as impure worship to those who rejected it, and why it was not ordained according to positive law. During the Stone Campbell movement, music was a strict topic because of its significant in worship to God. Since the time that Europeans first arrived to North America, music has been a very crucial factor to the development and spreading of Christianity. Christianity is known for the diversity of traditions, as well as the diversity of music expressions of these traditions. (Stowe, 2010) â€Å"The instrumental†¦show more content†¦McGarvey leads his argument by presenting as fact, the idea that, †¦any part of the Jewish worship was discontinued by those who organized the Christian church, is a direct condemnation of it by the Spirit of God as unsuited to the new institution. (Campbell 1865, 187) This claim is unsubstantiated, therefore the entire argument is fallacious. When a church of Disciples of Christ played its first instrument (a melodeon) in worship, it caused huge controversy. An elder of the church removed it from the church one night and sold it because he saw it as unscriptural. A man named Huldrych Zwingli who was a well-known instrumentalists, also rejected instrumental music and banned all playing of organs in worship. Under his influence, some of his followers went to their churches and destroyed their organs. Reading Monroe Hawley’s article, â€Å"Controversy in St. Louis,† the â€Å"First Church† built a building that included expensive commodities. One of which was a $3000 organ. (Hawley 1984, 4) Though it seemed like a blessing, it brought a debt upon the congregation, which led to prompting members to actually rent pews. This caused a lot of commotion. A woman named Louise Hockday, along with many other members, pushed to have the organ torn out and sold. But as a vote was made, the organ was decided to stay and members who opposed left. Because of this, both sides of the controversy met to settle it on December 27th-30th, 1870. Some of these arbitrators were Alexander Proctor,Show MoreRelatedGlobalization and It Effects on Cultural Integration: the Case of the Czech Republic.27217 Words   |  109 PagesGLOBALIZATION AND IT EFFECTS ON CULTURAL INTEGRATION: THE CASE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC. INTRODUCTION I. AN OVERVIEW. 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Global Tourism Globe Largest Employers

Question: Discuss about theGlobal Tourism for Globes Largest Employers. Answer: Introduction The hospitality and tourism industries are the globes largest employers and thus a detailed study on this topic is highly necessary. It can be found out that the hospitality industry is expanding rapidly and thus contributing to near about 10% of the worlds total Gross Domestic Product. In the preceding decades, the hospitality business has got much significance of dynamic procedures of development (Baladacchino, 2013). Accordingly, the hospitality business is intensifying in different parts of the globe and promoting its expansion in changing multicultural surroundings. This particular research work would try to analyze the global factors that contribute to the global restructure of the economic situation. From the article, it has been find out that there are five crucibles of transform that would reorganize the global financial system for the predictable prospect (Bisson, Stephenson Viguerie, 2016). From that point of view, it can be seen that the corporations that understand them would stand the best possibility of determining this. In this article, the director of McKinsey, Peter Bisson has explained the worth of tracking the global forces as well as how to build them into corporate strategy (Moufakkir Reisinger, 2013). The major five global trends have been analyzed by McKinsey and these are as follows: The great rebalancing The company has found out that the impending decade would be the initial in the 200 years while the developing-market nations make a payment more expansion that the urbanized ones (Cohen, 2012). It can be stated that this expansion would not only generate a flourish of new middle income class customers but also would force thoughtful innovations in the plan of the products, infrastructure of the market and the value chains (Cohen, 2012). The efficiency imperative In-depth research works of McKinsey has found out that the economies of the developed world would necessitate producing prominent gains in efficiency to authenticate sustained financial expansion. Adding to this, they have found out that the most spectacular modernisms in the Western globe are likely to be those that speed up financial efficiency (AlSayyad, 2013). The worldwide grid Research works have found out that the global financial system is mounting even more associated. It can be seen that the multifaceted flows of resources, commodities, data and statistics and the citizens are making an interlinked set of connections that spans topographies, social groups and monetary systems in ways that authorize comprehensive communications at any point of time (Mok, Sparks Kadampully, 2013). It can be found that this increasing network is seeding innovative business representations and speeding up the swiftness of innovation. This as well makes undermining the cycles of instability more likely (Lyons et al., 2012). Pricing the planet McKinseys detailed research works have found out that a conflict is gradually shaping up among the increasing stipulate of possessions, inhibited provisions as well as varying communal approaches towards the ecological fortification (Pelucio-Grecco, 2015). The upcoming decade would observe the focus an amplified focus on productivity of the possessions, the appearance of considerable clean-tech industries as well as authoritarian initiative (Medlik, 2012). The market state The last global trend is the market state. The detailed research work has found out that the frequently opposing demands of financial expansion and offering the required security needs to uphold the communal constancy that have kept the government under huge and astonishing pressure. It can be seen that globalization pertains extra heat that how definitely nationwide units would rule in an gradually more globalized globe (Leung et al., 2013). Sigala, Christou and Gretzel (2012) have stated that tourism is a big part of the hospitality industry and the ever-changing business scenarios are continuously shaping the global trends of advertising companies and tourism industry. It has been found out that the Chinese bazaar for tour and action companies is the greatest expanding tourism source in the previous decade that has spent huge amount on outbound travel. The Chinese companies are present in any kind of social media marketing, as they are the biggest smart phone market on this earth (Buhalis Crotts, 2016). Secondly, it can be seen that travelers want to unplug from the daily stressful lives, as with the expansion of technology, work pressures are increasing globally among all. A recent report has found that 72% of the UK travelers have switched off in 2013 and this is only increasing further and would even more so in the year 2016 (Buhalis Crotts, 2016). Moreover, it can be stated that discovering untouched as well as unique areas has become one of the interesting passions of many people and this trend is going to expand gradually. Travelers are interested enough in discovering untouched and exceptional places, generate some memorable memories, traverse something off the traditional list as well as push the limitations off the ease zones. Pelucio-Grecco (2015) has stated in this research paper that with each year, the globe is getting even more attached. Contemptible rate of flights have formulate the weekend vacassions in foreign destinations easier than ever and most interestingly, it is necessary enough to mention that the smart translation apps are dissolving the language barriers successfully. Medlik (2012) has clearly in his research paper that it is highly necessary to align the tours and activities to be in shape the requirements of youthful travelers or twenty percent of the globes travelers. By the end of 2020, this marketp lace would be captivating 47% more intercontinental journey than in the year 2013 with several youthful explorers who are looking for the followings: inimitable and genuine experiences corporations that pay attention to their reaction carefully chances to study something innovative and ground-breaking Word of mouth suggestions (Mok, Sparks Kadampully, 2013) Apart from that, it can be stated that it is not always regarding drawing the attention of the foreign travelers to the corporation; the content customers could be closer to residence. Google has searched staycation were up ten percent year over year from the year 2011 to 2014. It can be stated that the tendency of having a celebration nearer to home is forecasted to continue for 2016. As per the news release by United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), it can be seen that demand of international tourism has stayed strong in the initial nine months of 2016, although increasing at a fairly more reasonable rate. Besides this, Asia and Pacific has confirmed rehabilitated strengths this initial half of 2016 and has received 9% more intercontinental entrances, the uppermost enlargement and expansion throughout the globe (AlSayyad, 2013). Some recent research works have stated that certain sustainability methods could be measured almost worldwide in the accommodation industry. Bisson, Stephenson and Viguerie (2016) have stated that the hotel industrys deep-rooted and unremitting attempt to control costs throughout such sustainable processes as restraining water and energy utilization has been specified supplementary impetus as customers have become concerned enough in having hotels reduce their resource utilization as well as address their effect on the surroundings. It is regardless to say that sustainable sightseeing is the scheme of visiting a position as a traveler and trying to create only an optimistic impact on the surroundings and surroundings along with the community and financial system. It can be stated that tourism can engage primary transportation to the universal locality, neighboring transportation, lodging, entertainment, leisure, sustenance and shopping. All sections (Except financial system) with dummies Coeff Std err purchaser insight of environmentally responsibility 0.08 0.01 visitor room contentment 0.33 0.02 FB fulfillment 0.22 0.01 Hotel amenities contentment 0.43 0.03 Constant 0.01 0.02 Table 1: Effects of guest discernment of sustainability agenda on in general contentment (Source: Baladacchino, 2013) Baladacchino (2013) has stated that without travel there is no tourism, so the concept of sustainable tourism is directly linked to a concept of sustainable mobility. Aviation accounts to more than 55% of that transportation CO2 emissions and thus environment conscious people are preferring to visit the nearby places and this global tourism trend has already been discussed here. Tourism and hospitality industry always go hand in hand and the following table would explain the reasons given by the guests for hotel selection (Baladacchino, 2013). Primary Reason for selection of hotel 2011 (%) 2012 (%) 2013 (%) 2014 (%) 2015 (%) Convenience of location 39.7 38.9 37.6 38.6 38.7 cost 19.6 18.8 19.4 18.9 18.1 preceding experience 18.2 17.3 13.2 14.9 18.3 Reward plan 7.1 3.7 14.7 10.8 12.9 Reputation 4.2 3.9 4.1 6.9 6.1 suggestion 3.6 5.3 7.1 8.6 8.4 Package contract 2.3 3.1 4.2 5.1 6.3 Environment responsive 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 Table 2: Reasons given by guests for selection of hotel (Source: Baladacchino, 2013) After the detailed analysis of the study, it can be stated that McKinsey would dive deeper into each of the already mentioned five regions for drawing out the trade insinuations as well as notify the planned discuss (Bisson, Stephenson Viguerie, 2016). It is easily understood that certainly all these new areas would not evolve smoothly. The upcoming financial crisis, quite likely major ones are inevitable in nature. This might shape the global trend and it is expected that McKinsey would be engaged in further in-depth research on analyzing the major global tourism trends. References AlSayyad, N. (2013).Consuming tradition, manufacturing heritage: global norms and urban forms in the age of tourism. Routledge. Baladacchino, G. (2013).Global tourism and informal labour relations: The small scale syndrome at work. Routledge. Bisson, P., Stephenson, E., Viguerie, S. (2016).Global forces: An introduction.McKinsey Company. Retrieved 8 December 2016, from https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/strategy-and-corporate-finance/our-insights/global-forces-an-introduction Buhalis, D., Crotts, J. (2016).Global alliances in tourism and hospitality management. Routledge. Cohen, E. (2012). Globalization, global crises and tourism.Tourism recreation research,37(2), 103-111. Leung, D., Law, R., Van Hoof, H., Buhalis, D. (2013). Social media in tourism and hospitality: A literature review.Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing,30(1-2), 3-22. Lyons, K., Hanley, J., Wearing, S., Neil, J. (2012). Gap year volunteer tourism: Myths of global citizenship?.Annals of tourism research,39(1), 361-378. Medlik, S. (2012).Dictionary of travel, tourism and hospitality. Routledge. Mok, C., Sparks, B., Kadampully, J. (2013).Service quality management in hospitality, tourism, and leisure. Routledge. Moufakkir, O., Reisinger, Y. (Eds.). (2013).The host gaze in global tourism. CABI. Pelucio-Grecco, M. C. (2015). Tourism Hospitality. Sigala, M., Christou, E., Gretzel, U. (Eds.). (2012).Social media in travel, tourism and hospitality: Theory, practice and cases. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. Ye, Q., Li, T., Law, R. (2013). A coauthorship network analysis of tourism and hospitality research collaboration.Journal of Hospitality Tourism Research,37(1), 51-76.

Burial of Sir John Moore After Corunna free essay sample

Napoleon engineered an overthrow in Spain in early 1808, but the Spanish were unhappy about it, a popular insurrection began, and the British tried to join in with the Spanish against the French. The Spanish proved to be difficult allies, though, and a British army under Sir John Moore was forced to retreat to the port of Corunna, on Spains north-western tip, from where they were to be evacuated back to Britain. The retreat had all the problems of discipline and morale that every retreat has, with the additional hardships of bad terrain and appalling weather. Worse yet:   when they got to Corunna on January 11, 1809, the British troopships that were to evacuate them had not yet arrived, so Sir John had to organize defences and fight a battle against the French. In the battle he was mortally wounded. In not wanting the French’s morale to be given a boost with the realization that the inspirational leader of the British army had died, they decided to bury him in the night; in the hope the French would be none the wiser. Even though Sir John Moore was an iconic figure, a man that the British army looked up to and admired, they could not give him a proper military funeral fitting for a man of his stature in order to keep the French in the dark about the terrible tragedy that has occurred. 2. Explain the context of the poem This poem has a very patriotic theme to it, words like hero, warrior and glory stretched throughout the poem. The first stanza in my opinion sets out the scene for the rest of the poem. The words â€Å"not a drum was heard†, â€Å"not a funeral note†,† not a soldier discharged his farewell shot† and â€Å"o’er the grave where our hero we buried† are all present in the very first stanza thus giving the reader a distinctive image of the scene of this poem right from the start. One certainly gets the image of a soldier who has died on the battle field, but for some reason is not getting the traditional burial of a soldier who has died in combat. Only when you read on and analyze the poem and its history do you truly understand why this is. If we look at the second stanza it begins with â€Å"we buried him darkly at dead of night† for reason of secrecy towards the French as the British did not want the French to know that their leader and inspiration was no longer a threat to them, thus boosting French morale and with all likelihood crushing British morale. The last three lines of this stanza give reference to them digging his grave as best they could with what they had available â€Å"the sods of our bayonets turning†. In terms of war a bayonet is a knife like instrument that a soldier would fix onto the end of his rifle to attack an enemy in close combat. They would generally stab the enemy in the guts, turning the bayonet as they retracted it and almost certainly mortally wounding the enemy. Keeping that in mind, this is what they are doing to the soil to dig the grave. They do not have spades so they must dig out a grave with their bayonets using close to the same technique that they would use when engaging the enemy on the battlefield. â€Å"By the struggling moonbeam’s misty light and the lanthorne dimly burning† makes reference again to the tumultuous task that these soldiers are facing, burying their great leader with no equipment and using the moons light and a lanthorne (lantern) that is generally used for signalling in those days to try and get the job done, with undoubtedly broken hearts and all. The third stanza begins to set out the image of just how great and important to these soldiers this man was, the vast majority of people who pass away, from general public to royalty are buried in coffins, yet the stanza begins with â€Å"no useless coffin enclosed his breast† almost giving the impression that he is too good for a coffin, a coffin is not necessary or worthy of him. It is simply not needed. â€Å"But he lay like a warrior taking his rest with his martial cloak around him†. If we go back in time and think of warfare in the late 1700’s to early 1800’s, it is very much man to man, close combat in many parts, generals on horseback and often takes place in fields and open spaces. So when the soldiers take their rest during battle they lay down in the field of battle and just curl up for a while and wrap their â€Å"martial cloak† (a military cloak) around them. Stanza four in my opinion is referring to the soldier’s brief time to look at their hero lying in his grave, one last time and pay their last respects. Few and short were the prayers we said, and we spoke not a word of sorrow†. This is deemed somewhat controversial by some, as Sir John Moore was such a inspirational leader to these men one wonders why they say few prayers and let out so little emotion as the impact of his untimely death begins to dawn on them. But this is late 1700’s and these soldiers are as tuff as they come, highly trained and incredibly di sciplined. â€Å"Gazed on the face that was dead, and we bitterly thought of the morrow†. You can almost picture the inadequate grave site of this great man, all his troops surrounding it looking down on his body, bidding their last farewells, trying their best to hold in their emotions and the pain of going on with the battle the next day without their much loved leader tearing holes in their hearts. Stanza five, they are about to leave the grave site, one can only imagine the guilt that must be tearing them apart, the sadness and emptiness they must feel as they â€Å"smooth’d down his lonely pillow†. There isn’t much they can do for him in terms of physically showing respect like mounting headstones or draping a flag over a coffin. So they push together a mound of earth to lay his head on, like a pillow, a simple yet gracious act for a man they dearly miss and love, and rather gave the impression he was simply sleeping, maybe making it a little easier to cope with as appose to knowing he has passed away. Even so, they must move on, they after all have a battle to win and will be determined to win even more so now for them memory of Sir John Moore. The foe and the stranger would tread o’er his head, and we far away on the billow†. This must have been a thought going through all the soldiers’ minds, as they sail away on the billow (an old word for waves). The enemy and general public would be unknowingly treading on his grave. Stanza six begins with â€Å"Lightly they’ll talk of the spirit that’s gone, and o’er his cold ashes upbraid him†. Making reference to the French speaking out of term about Sir John Moore, using the word â€Å"upbraid† meaning chastise or criticize, thus talking about him disrespectfully. But little he’ll reck, is they let him sleep on in the grave where a Briton has laid him†. In my opinion this means if they leave him alone, he can be hurt no more in the grave his soldiers made him. Allow me to emphasise on the phrase â€Å"Grave where a Briton has laid him†. An extremely powerful and patriotic piece of verse, almost giving a two fingers up at the French but at the same time giving the impression that if a Briton has made that grave it must be top class. Just simply putting â€Å"laid him in a grave† or something similar doesn’t do it any justice, the patriotism and pride theme of this poem is clearly seen throughout this poem, but is never more strong than in that particular piece. â€Å"But half our heavy task was done when the clock struck the hour for retiring† starts off stanza seven. In the days of gruesome man on man battles, many men lay dead or wounded on the battlefield. After a day’s battle, time would be allowed for each opponent to enter the battlefield and collect their dead and wounded. But the British only had half the time to do this as they were secretly burying their fallen leader in the â€Å"dead of night†. â€Å"We heard the distant and random gun that the foe was sullenly firing†. As the British dragged their brave comrades from the battlefield, dead or alive they could hear the enemy â€Å"sullenly† meaning very sneaky, sly if you will, firing at them from the distance. In many ways the first stanza in my opinion gave a vivid picture of what was taking place and set the theme and tone for this poem, I feel the last stanza in the same respect sums up the poem in its entirety. Slowly and sadly we laid him down† is how stanza eight start off. Referring to the soldiers not wanting to do it, with every fibre in their being they simply did not want to lay their leader to rest, but for the sake of the greater task ahead of them they had no choice. â€Å"From the field of his fame, fresh and gory†. Sir John Moore was shot in the sh oulder and bled to death. His would not allow the medics to treat his wound when it happened until (in his eyes) more important business was attended to; he was a very proud and professional soldier. So the term â€Å"gory† stands out there for me. Given that he bled to death from a shoulder wound, he must have been bleeding for quite a considerable amount of time, so one can only imagine how he must have looked when he was finally laid to rest, no doubt soaked in blood. A very gruesome and â€Å"gory† image. â€Å"We carved not a line, and we raised not a stone† again making reference to the inadequate funeral procedures and lack of a memorial monument at the grave site due to trying their best to keep his death a secret from the enemy. â€Å"But we left him alone with his glory† an extremely powerful and somewhat uplifting end to a poem. Giving the impression that he does not need a monument, he is a world respected soldier and will never be forgotten, not just by the British, but the world, especially the military as they seem to have a universal respect for one another even if in some cases they are enemies. A fitting end to this poem about a great man who was world renowned as such a good soldier and leader that in fact when the British returned to Corunna to retrieve his body and bring it home to give him a proper burial fitting for a man such as he, when they arrived where they had buried him, the French had already built a monument for him on top of where he was buried. The very people that ended his life respected him enough to commemorate his life with their own monument to him, so obviously the French all along must have known that Sir John Moore had in fact died, but showed tremendous respect in making sure he is remembered, by all, for eternity. 3. Wolfe’s use of figurative language The poem â€Å"The Burial of Sir John Moore after Corunna† has alternate rhyming line endings throughout. Wolfe uses some old fashioned words appropriate for the time the poem was written such as corse meaning corpse and lanthorne meaning lantern. There are also many examples of alliteration in this poem, â€Å"darkly at dead of night†, â€Å"moonbeam’s misty light†, â€Å"sheet or in shroud†, â€Å"slowly and sadly† and â€Å"field of his fame fresh and gory†. We also might respect the rhythm a little more if we remind ourselves that a reader two hundred plus years ago would have been quicker to recognize that Wolfe here borrows the rhythm of a drumbeat; both in form and content, his poem makes up for that which was missing from this inadequate funeral Not a drum was heard†. Metaphors were used in this poem also, in stanza five the word â€Å"pillow† was given to describe a mound of earth to lay his head on as he lay in the grave, also the euphemistic treatment of death as a sleep in a narrow bed†. It almost seems as if The Burial of Sir John Moore did provide some sort of comfort and solace to an individual unable to provide his dead comrade with a decent burial. â€Å"Lay like a warrior taking his rest† is also a good example of a simile in stanza three.